Revenge eviction if you ask for repairs
A revenge eviction is when a private landlord evicts a tenant who:
asks for repairs
complains about bad housing
It is also called retaliatory eviction.
Video: Will my landlord evict me if I complain?
Video transcript
Will my landlord evict me if I ask for repairs or complain to environmental health?
If you rent privately, it can be quite easy for a landlord to take steps to end your tenancy.
Research from Citizens Advice shows that a formal complaint about repairs does increase the chances of being issued with a section 21 eviction notice.
Does this mean I have to put up with bad conditions in my home?
You should not have to.
Reasonable landlords will not just evict you because you ask for repairs.
If you do receive a section 21 notice, a number of things could make it invalid.
For example:
your deposit is not protected
you have not been given a gas safety certificate
your landlord needs a licence but does not have one
the council has given your landlord an improvement notice
Do not put up with bad conditions.
Speak to your council’s private rented housing team to see if they can help.
Our adviser talks about revenge eviction and what to do about bad conditions in your home.
[Video length: 1 minute]
Which tenants are at risk of revenge eviction?
You are at risk of revenge eviction if you have an assured shorthold tenancy (AST).
This is because your landlord does not need a reason to evict you with a section 21 notice.
But you could have a defence in some situations.
Renters' Rights Act changes
The Renters' Rights Act should end revenge evictions and other 'no fault' evictions.
Changes are not expected to happen until 2026. For now, your rights are the same.
See Renters' Rights Bill: changes for private tenants.
Could you be protected from revenge eviction?
You cannot be evicted with a section 21 notice if it is not valid.
The notice is not valid if you complain to the council about repairs needed, and they give your landlord an:
improvement notice
emergency works notice
This applies to any section 21 notice given after you first complain to your landlord until 6 months after the council's notice.
The council send you a copy of an improvement notice or emergency works notice.
Sometimes the council take no action or less formal action against your landlord. In this situation, your landlord might still use the section 21 to evict you.
A section 21 might not be valid for other reasons.
Even if the notice is valid, eviction takes a few months.
Stop a revenge eviction
If your section 21 notice is not valid, you can:
write to your landlord
ask your council for help
tell the court if the notice is not valid
1. Write to your landlord
Copy our letter template into an email to your landlord:
[Use subject: Section 21 notice not valid]
You gave me a section 21 notice after I complained about repairs at [address].
The council gave you an [improvement or emergency works notice] on [date].
This means the section 21 notice is not valid.
[Please let me know when you will complete the repair work in the council's notice].
You can also send the letter as an email attachment or by post:
Word template: Revenge eviction section 21 not valid (docx 23kb)
OpenDocument template: Revenge eviction section 21 not valid (odt 9kb)
2. Ask your council for help
The private rented housing team can speak to your landlord for you.
You can also speak to your council's homeless team. They should:
check if your section 21 notice is valid
speak to your landlord and the private rented housing team
help with advice and a personal housing plan if your notice is valid
More about homeless help from the council.
3. Tell the court if the notice is not valid
Your landlord needs to apply to court if they want to evict you.
You can tell the court if:
you are protected from revenge eviction
the notice is not valid for another reason
Return your defence form. Send a copy of the council's notice back to the court with your defence form.
Ask for a hearing if your landlord uses the accelerated procedure.
Get free legal advice
You can look for help as soon as you get a notice.
Find a legal adviser on GOV.UK
Tick 'housing loss prevention advice service' on the search tool.
You could get more legal help if you get benefits or have a low income.
You could be evicted with a different notice
You are only protected from revenge eviction if the landlord uses a section 21.
Assured shorthold tenants can also be evicted with a section 8 notice.
Your landlord needs a reason to use a section 8, like rent arrears.
You can often challenge a section 8 notice in court.
Your landlord must follow the legal eviction process.
Most private tenants can only be evicted by court bailiffs.
It could be illegal eviction if your landlord or agent tries to force you out.
Last updated: 25 July 2025